Influenza in Kids

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by flu viruses. It’s especially important to understand the nature of this virus, particularly when it comes to children who are more susceptible to its effects.

At Pediatric Associates of Austin, we’re committed to keeping your children healthy and informed about common illnesses like influenza in kids. Let’s delve into what you need to know about the flu to better protect your family. Contact us today for more information!

What is the Influenza Virus?

Influenza is a viral infection that attacks the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs. It is similar to the common cold, but it can cause more severe symptoms and spread more easily. The flu virus changes slightly from year to year, which is why getting a yearly flu vaccine is recommended.

Types of Influenza

There are four main types of influenza viruses: A, B, C, and D.

Types A and B cause the seasonal epidemics of respiratory illness that are commonly seen every winter. The types of influenza and their effects are as follows:

• Influenza A: It is known for causing pandemics and can infect both humans and animals. It’s divided into subtypes based on the proteins found on the virus surface: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N).
• Influenza B: Only infects humans and is not divided into subtypes. However, it can still cause significant illness and seasonal outbreaks.
• Influenza C: Causes mild respiratory illness and does not cause epidemics.
• Influenza D: Primarily affects cattle and does not infect or cause illness in humans.

What Are Flu Symptoms?

Recognizing flu symptoms early can help in managing the illness and its spread. Common symptoms of influenza in kids include:

• Fever or feeling feverish/chills
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Muscle or body aches
• Headaches
• Fatigue (tiredness)

Other flu symptoms that can affect children include vomiting and diarrhea.

How is Influenza Contracted?

Influenza spreads when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Infected droplets can then travel through the air and get into your respiratory tract. It is also possible to get the flu by touching a surface or object that has the flu virus on it and then touching your own mouth, nose, or eyes.

Complications That Can Result from Flu

While many children recover from the flu without problems, some can develop serious complications.

Children with asthma or chronic lung disease are more susceptible to flu complications that affect breathing. If your child develops severe symptoms, they may need to spend some time in the hospital. The flu can develop into a lung infection called pneumonia and even lead to death.

Secondary symptoms can also develop in children such as an ear infection.

Preventing Flu

Prevention is key when it comes to influenza in kids. Here are some effective ways to protect your child from the flu:

• Yearly Flu Vaccine: The most effective way to prevent the flu is by getting the flu shot each year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that everyone 6 months and older get vaccinated.
• Good Hygiene: Remind them to wash their hands regularly with soap and water. They could also use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and water aren’t available.
• Avoid Close Contact: Keep your child away from people who are sick, and if your child is sick, keep them at home to prevent spreading the virus to others.
• Cover Coughs and Sneezes: Encourage your child to cover their mouth and nose with a tissue or their elbow when coughing or sneezing.

Treating Flu

If your child does get the flu, there are several steps you can take to help them recover:

• Rest: Ensure your child gets plenty of rest.
• Hydration: Make sure they drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated.
• Medications: Over-the-counter medications can help relieve symptoms. However, always consult with your healthcare provider before giving any medication to your child.
• Antiviral Drugs: In some cases, your doctor may prescribe antiviral drugs to treat the flu. These are most effective when started within the first two days of symptoms.

What Should I Watch for if My Child Has the Flu?

While most children recover from the flu without complications, it’s important to be aware of warning signs that may indicate more serious illness. Contact your healthcare provider if your child’s symptoms are severe or your child:

• Has difficulty breathing or is breathing fast.
• Develops bluish skin color.
• Is not drinking enough fluids.
• Experiences severe symptoms such as persistent vomiting.
• Is not waking up or interacting.
• Is irritable and does not want to be held.
• Has flu-like symptoms that improve but then return with a fever and worse cough.

Contact Us Today

At Pediatric Associates of Austin, we offer comprehensive care and are here to support you and your child through flu season. If you need more information or services related to influenza, contact us today! Our experienced team in Austin, Texas, is ready to help your child stay healthy and happy.

By understanding influenza in kids and taking the necessary precautions, you can help protect your child from this common but potentially serious illness. Regular check-ups and vaccinations are key components of a healthy lifestyle for your children.